Ques.Paper Analysis Philosophy(Opt.)-2014

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Ques.Paper Analysis Philosophy(Opt.)-2014

PHILOSOPHY (OPT.) Mains Question Paper Analysis (2014)

“Our endeavour to ease your preparation”

UPSC-CSE mains exam has as deep sense of resemblance to unpredictability. The exam pattern has turned into a mounting challenge over the years; which is reciprocated in ever decreasing score in the mains exam. VVR IAS has initiated an in-depth analysis of Philosophy (OPT.) paper through our untiring efforts. It will help the aspirants to actualize and enhance the preparation standards. This analysis is prepared very comprehensively to ensure confidence building through our Mains Special Course. Modules.

Contents:

  1. Philosophy(Optional) 2014 Paper-I
  2. Philosophy(Optional) 2014 Paper-II
  3. Philosophy(Optional) 2013 Paper-I
  4. Philosophy(Optional) 2013 Paper-II
  5. Trends Analysis 2014 & 2013 Paper
  6. No. of Questions / items appeared
  7. No. of Questions Aspirants have to attempt.
  8. No. of Thinkers/ Schools/ Problems/ Chapters Covered
  9. Minimum & Maximum Mark Carried
  10. Number of Words to be Written
  11. Difficulty Level :- Through Question Paper
  12. Paperwise Difficulty Level

PHILOSOPHY (OPT.) – PAPER-I

(SECTION -A)

* AbbrevitionS
F – Factual
C – Conceptual
A – Analytical
Question No. Question catagory Answer Format
Q1a How are the synthetic a priori judgments justifiable according to Kant? Explain. F
  • Knowledge expresses in synthetic apriori judgments.
  • Their possibility in mathematics and physics.
  • Conclusive remarks based upon Hume and Kant.
Q1b Bring out the significance of ‘language games’ in Wittgenstein’s use theory of meaning. F
  • Later Wittgenstein.
  • How philosophical problems originate.
  • Solution through language games.
Q1c Explain the significance of ‘bracketing’ in Husserl phenomenology. F
  • Two hurdles in knowledge
  • Method based upon bracketing and Reduction.
  • Elaboration of Bracketing.
Q1d Does Leibniz’s theory of pre-established harmony necessarily lead to determinism? Discuss. F + A
  • What is pre-Established -Harmony
  • How it is determinism.
  • How it affects the freedom of Monads.
Q1e How far are Quine’s arguments in “Two Dogmas of Empiricism” justified? Discuss. F+A
  • What are the two dogmas?
  • How it opposes the distinction between Analytical and Synthetical.
  • Criticism of Strawson and Grice.
Q2a Distinguish between knowledge and belief according to Plato. How is it based on his metaphysis? Explain. F + C
  • Knowledge is related to world of ideas.
  • Belief is related to the physical world.
  • Metaphysical reality of the ideas.
Q2b Explain the doctrine of Cartesian dualism and examine critically arguments in favor of it. F + A
  • Mind-Body dualism.
  • Solution through interactionism.
  • Arguments and analogies given by Descartes.
  • How they are criticized?
Q2c Evaluate critically Hume’s criticism of theory of causation. F + A
  • Hume’s view of causation
  • It’s evaluation mainly by Kant and Mill.
  • Conclusive remarks.
Q3a Are empirical statements conclusively verifiable? Discuss the limitations of ‘verification theory of meaning’. F + A
  • General view of empiricist.
  • They talk about synthetical propositions.
  • Problems related to their verification.
  • Weaknesses of verification principle.
Q3b Why does Wittgenstein disagree with Bertrand Russell’s interpretation of atomism in the philosophy of Tractatus? Discuss. F + C
  • How Logical atomism is related with both Russell and Wittgenstein
  • Russell’s correspondence theory and Wittgenstein’s picture theory
Q3c Are G.E Moore’s arguments in defense of common sense satisfactory? F + A
  • How Moore has defended the common sense.
  • His arguments.
  • Limitations of his arguments.
Q4a Explain Kierkegaard’s concept of choice. How does the concept of choice in metaethics differ from normative ethics? Explain. F + C + A
  • Three stages of existence.
  • He goes beyond ethical stage.
  • Teleological suspension of morality.
  • Difference between normative and metaethics.
Q4b State and evaluate Heidegger’s claim that temporality is the horizon against which the being of any entity is understood. F + A
  • Based upon his book Sein and Zeit.
  • He takes everything according to time.
  • Extreme is death.
  • Realization of authentic life.
Q4c Explain the significance of Aristotle’s doctrine of form and matter in his theory of causation. F + A
  • Theory of causation
  • How it is related to Form and Matter.
  • This is his substance.
(SECTION -B)
Q5a “Limits of knowledge and world are determined by my sense perception.” Discuss this claim of Carvakas. F + A
  • Ca̅rva̅kas accept perception as only prama̅na.
  • Their materialism is based upon perception.
  • Evaluation of this approach.
Q.5b Explain the epistemological differences between Sautrantika and Vaibhasika schools of Buddhism. F
  • Ba̅hya-pratyak shava̅da of vaibha̅sika.
  • Ba̅hya-anumeyava̅da of sautra̅istika.
Q.5c Bring out the significance of the concept of adhyasa in Sankara’s philosophy to develop his metaphysis. F + C
  • First chapter of his commentary is Adhy a̅sa.
  • Through this reaches up to Brahman.
Q.5d Are the arguments given in favour of existence of prakrti adequate in Samkhya philosophy? Discuss. F + A
  • According to Sankhya – adequate.
  • Opponents – not adequate
  • Because further problems.
Q.5e Can arthapatti (postulation) be reduced to anumana (inference)?
Discuss it from the Mimamsa point of view.		 F + A
  • Nyaya –Yes
  • Mimamsa-No
  • Because Anumana is based upon vyapti while in Arthapatti something is inexplicable with out postulation.
Q.6a How is the theory of causation central to the theories of Reality in classical Indian tradition? Discuss. C + A
  • Metaphysics is based upon causation.
  • Sankhya- prakrti.
  • Ramanuja- god.
  • Nyaya vaisesika- Atoms and god.
Q.6b Explain the concept of Karma and discuss its various types according to Jain philosophy F
  • Karma are the cause of bondage.
  • Named as karma pudgala.
  • Eight types of karma classified as Ghatiya and Aghatiya
Q.6c How is an absence of an object known according to Naiyayikas and Mimamsakas ? Discuss. F + C + A
  • Nyaya perception
  • Mimamsa- Anupalabdhi
Q.7a Bring out the philosophical implications of introducing extraordinary (alaukika) perception in Nyaya philosophy. F + A
  • Direct connection is not always possible.
  • So extra ordinary perception.
  • Three types of extra ordinary perception.
Q.7b Explain the nature and levels of samprajnata Samadhi. How does each level lead more towards asamprajnata Samadhi? F
  • Samadhi is the last stage of Astanga yoga.
  • Four types of samprajnat Samadhi
  • Finally leads towards Asamprajnat Samadhi
Q.7c Examine the Samkhya view on liberation that “the self is neither bound nor liberates, nor does it transmigrate”. F + A
  • Purusa is totally apart from the entire process of evolution
  • The bondage of purusa is a fiction Ego    ( the product of prakrti) only comes into bondage and so gets liberation as well
Q.8a How does the nature of Brahman differ in the philosophy of sankara, Ramanuja and Madhva? Discuss critically. F
  • Sankaracarya – unqualified.
  • Ramanuja – Qualified and both material and efficient cause.
  • Madhva – Qualified and only efficient cause.
Q.8b How does Nagarjuna explain the concept of Sunyata? F + C+ A
  • Dialectic of Nagarjuna.
  • Four corner negation
  • Absolute and uncaused.
Q.8c How is Sri Aurobindo’s integral yoga an advancement over Patanjala yoga? Discuss. F + A
  • Similarities.
  • Differences.
  • How Aurobindo’s integral yoga is advancement.

PHILOSOPHY (OPT.) – PAPER-II

(SECTION -A)

Question No. Question catagory Answer Format
Q1a If caste discrimination has continuity and hierarchy, which principle of justice C + A
  • Social Justice.
  • Not procedural but distributive or substantive.
  • Second principle of John Rawls.
Q1b How does multiculturalism redefine liberal notions like identity, freedom and equality and reformulate its assumptions? C + A
  • Liberals focused upon these notions
  • Imperalism, Capitalism Mono-culturalism.
  • Redefined in Multiculturism.
Q1c How do we distinguish liberal humanism and Marxist humanism? C + A
  • Liberals Humanism.
  • Resulted in capitalist Humanism.
  • Challenged by Marxist Humanism.
Q1d Explain the significance of John Austin’s theory of sovereignty. How does it differ from that of Hobbes? F + A
  • John Austin’s legal sovereignty.
  • Hobbes supported singular sovereignty with Monarchy.
Q1e Can we say that racial supremacy is the main reason for genocide? Give reasons for your answer. F + A
  • Classification of us and them.
  • One groups denies the humanity of other group.
Q2a Which theory of punishment, retributive or restorative, do you recommend and why? F+ A
  • Retributive theory.
  • Reformative theory
  • Support for reformative theory.
Q2b “One is not born a woman, but she becomes a woman,” Critically comment on it. C + A
  • Not by birth.
  • So not biological.
  • Socio-cultural causes are responsible.
Q2c By eliminating alienation can we bring social progress? Critically analyse. F + A
  • Alienation indicates towards exclusiveness.
  • Progress talks about inclusiveness.
  • Sometimes inclusiveness becomes hurdles.
Q3a Analyse the statement with reasons that “Power corrupts, absolute power corrupts absolutely” C + A
  • Corruption is misuse of power.
  • So statement generally appears correct.
  • Power can be used for justice and welfare.
Q3b What are the basic differences between Gandhi and Ambedkar regarding caste system in India? F + A
  • Ambedkar, equally opposes Varna-Jati-Untouchability
  • Gandhi’s views are different.
Q3c Discuss Amartya Sen’s principle of Niti as a critique of Nyaya F + A
  • Niti is only Institutional justice.
  • Nyaya is realized justice.
  • Criticism of theory of John Rawls
Q4a “All human rights are centred on individual rights.” Discuss. F + A
  • Centered on individuals not on their qualities.
  • Criminals, Prisoners, Terrorist, alongwith common man.
  • Life, liberty & security of a person
  • Prohibition of slavery.
Q4b Explain descriptive and normative perspectives on multiculturalism F + C
  • Andrew Haywood supported
  • It is a fact.
  • It has to be.
Q4c In what sense is democracy a better form of Government than theocracy? F + A
  • Participation of people.
  • Transfer of power.
  • Decentralization.
  • Rationality and according to the time.
(SECTION -B)
Q5a If God is regarded as ‘One’, will it give rise to religious conflicts? C + A
  • One reality as God is the theoretical ground as religious tolerance.
  • Ekam Sat Viprah Bahudha Vadanti.
  • It will avoid the religious conflicts.
Q5b On what grounds, the dichotomy between ‘is‘ and ‘ought’ can either be justified or rejected? C + A
  • Hume -A Treatise of Human Nature.
  • Fact is different from normative ethics.
  • Fact is different from theology.
  • A few thinkers have made the mistake regarding this.
Q5c What are the arguments given in favour of the immortality of the Soul? F
  • Metaphysical Arguments.
  • Epistemological Arguments.
  • Teleological Arguments.
  • Moral Arguments.
  • Parapsychological Arguments.
Q5d Can pluralist perspective vindicate Absolute Truth? F + A
  • What is pluralism?
  • Contrary to Absolutism
  • If only upto the practical level then no problem.
Q5e How do you justify ‘rebirth’ wigh or without the soul? f + A
  • Rebirth with soul.
  • Immortality of the soul.
  • Rebirth without soul in Buddhism.
  • Through samskara.
Q6a How far can religious morality incorporate individual freedom? F + A + C
  • Religious and secular Ethics.
  • Religious ethics with omniscient God.
  • Which becomes problem for human freedom.
  • Views of theologists and evaluation
Q6b How do you formulate religious language as non-cognitive? F
  • Different approaches regarding religious language.
  • Non- Cognitivist view says it meaningless.
  • Different thinkers Ayer, Hare etc.
Q6c Can it be self-contradictory to accept the ‘idea’ of God but deny the ‘existence’ of God? F + A
  • According to the supporters of ontological argument it is a self contradiction.
  • According to opponents it is right upto some extent but there is no contradiction in rejecting existence of God with its highest idea.
Q7a Is evil reconcilable with the benevolent God? F + A
  • Problem of evil.
  • Theological solutions.
  • Concerning problems
Q7b Discuss cosmological argument for the existence of God, and show its merits and  demerits F + A
  • Cosmological argument.
  • Its logical structure.
  • Merits
  • Demerits
Q7c Compare and contrast the concept of liberation according to ‘Advaita’ and Visistadvaita’ F
  • Both have done positive explanation.
  • Difference regarding path, jivanmukti, personal identity, sayujya salukya, etc.
Q8a Elucidate the status of man in the realm between immanence and ‘transcendence’. C + A
  • Part of the world- Ethics- karma theory
  • Beyond the world –Rebirth- immortality- liberation.
Q8b Can reason be used to justify faith? F + A
  • Relation between reason and faith.
  • A few have placed reason at the highest level.
  • A few have placed faith at the highest level
  • A few have tried to establish balance.
Q8c Discuss the conflicting nature of religious experiences with special reference to Buddhism and Jainism. F+ A
  • Cognitive non-cognitive and semi- cognitive approaches.
  • Category of jaina and Buddha is semi- cognitive.

PHILOSOPHY (OPT.) MAINS QUESTION PAPER ANALYSIS (2013)

PHILOSOPHY (OPT.) – PAPER-I

(SECTION -A)

* AbbrevitionS
F – Factual
C – Conceptual
A – Analytical
Question No. Question Analysis Answer Format
Q1a Explain and evaluate Strawson’s arguments for his conception of the nature of a person. F + A
  • Two theories regarding person.
  • Concerning Problems.
  • Solution given by strawson.
  • Evaluation of the solution given.
Q1b Explain Wittgenstein’s arguments against the possibility of private language. F
  • Later Wittgenstein.
  • His criticism of Private language.
Q1c Distinguish necessary from empirical propositions. How is a necessary
proposition justified ? Explain.		 C + A
  • What are the Analytical and Synthetical Proposition.
  • Various theories given for distinction.
Q1d Discuss how by refuting the different concepts of substances Aristotle
establishes his own theory of substance.		 F + C + A
  • Concept of substance before Aristotle.
  • Aristotle’s concept of substance.
  • Lisping Aristotle.
Q1e What is an antinomy ? Describe the major antinomies discussed by Kant. F
  • Definition of Antinomy.
  • Classification of Antinomies.
Q2a Explain Plato’s ontological theory of Forms. Is knowledge’ one of the Forms ?
Give reasons.		 F + C
  • Realism of the forms.
  • Recollection theory of forms.
Q2b State Kant’s view of causality. How far is Kant able to answer Hume’s
objection that causal relation lacks logical necessity ?		 F + A
  • Kant’s supportive view of causation.
  • This is his reaction against Hume’s  view.
  • Kant gives the answer according this time.
Q2c Distinguish between atomic and general propositions. Show how they are
justified true.		 C + A
  • Simple + compound + Universal propositions.
  • various theories are given for their justification.
Q2d Write a short critical essay on Spinoza’s conception of freedom of the
individual.		 F + C
  • Determinism and freedom of will.
  • How Spinoza talks about individuals freedom.
Q3a Explain Descartes’ method of doubt. Can this method be used to justify his
belief in the existence of God ? Argue your case.		 F + C + A
  • Method of doubt of Descartes.
  • He has used this to justify the Soul.
  • For God he talks about innate ideas.
Q3b Comment : ‘Movement is contradiction itself.’ Examine, in this context, Hegel’s
dialectical method.		 F + C
  • Criticism of motion on the basis of dialectic.
  • Hegel explains all developments through dialectic.
Q3c Examine John Locke’s theory of substance. F
  • Three substances accepted by Locke.
  • Concerning problems.
Q3d Examine Sartre’s distinction between Being-for-itself and Being-in-itself. F + A
  • Three dimensions of existence.
  • Being- in-itself  = Unconscious Material objects.
  • Being – for- itself = Conscious Human being.
  • Being –for – others = Other conscious beings.
Q4a Comment : Moore’s defence of common sense essentially is defence of ordinary language.’ F
  • Moore’s defence of common sense.
  • This is explained in ordinary language.
Q4b Analyse Kierkegaard’s concept of choice. Can there be, in his view, correct or incorrect choice ? Discuss. F + A
  • Three stages of human existence.
  • One can choose the wrong option as well.
Q4c Give a critical account of Leibnitz’s principle of the identity of indiscernible. F + C
  • Leibnitz is a pluralist.
  • He talks about both Identify and Diversity.
Q4d Give a critical account of Hume’s theory of the Self. F
  • Hume’s concept of self.
  • Bundle of consciousness.
(SECTION -B)
Q5a Analyse the relation between the theory of saptabhanginaya and anekantavada. F + C
  • Basic theories of Jainism.
  • Respectively Linguistics and Ontology.
Q5b Explain the Buddhists’ position of ‘Impermanence’ and show how the idea of Impermanence leads to the theory of momentariness of reality. F + C
  • Theory of pratityasamutpada and Kshanika vada.
  • The latter is the result of former.
Q5c How is the pramanya (validity/truth) of a statement determined ? Examine, in
this context, the theory of paratah-pramanyavada.		 F + A
  • Theory of pramanya.
  • Nyaya theory of paratah pramanyavada.
  • Criticism by Mimamsa.
Q5d Explain the possibility of jivanmukti. Critically compare it with the Yoga
account of kaivalya.		 F + A
  • Concept of Jivauamukti and Videhamukti.
  • Comparison with yoga concept of Kaivalya.
Q5e Explain Sri Aurobindo’s conception of cosmic salvation through spiritual
evolution of the individual.		 F
  • Concept of Integral yoga of Aurbindo.
  • Not personal but collective effort is necessary.
Q6a Describe the five types of differences (panchavidhabheda). Bring out their
philosophical significance for Madhva’s theory.		 F
  • Dvaitavada of Madhavacarya.
  • Five fudamental differences accepted by him.
  • Better to say Bhedavada.
Q6b What is samavaya ? What are the grounds for accepting samavaya as a distinct padartha ? Discuss. F + A
  • What is samavaya in vaisesika.
  • Comparison with samyoga.
  • Inseparable relation.
  • So a distinct padartha.

Q6c		 Evaluate the relation, if any, between purusa and prakrti. F + A
  • Necessity of relation between purusa and Prakrti.
  • Evaluation of this relation.
  • No Satisfactory answer is possible.
Q6d How can isavara (God) be distinguished from Brahman (Absolute) ? Which
of the two concepts are philosophically better ?		 F
  • What is Brahman?
  • What is the concept of God.
  • How they are different in vedanta philosophy.
Q7a Analyse the Nyaya concept of vyapti and examine its relation to tarka. F + C
  • Vyapti as base of Anumana.
  • Rejection of Vyapti is a logical contradiction.
Q7b Evaluate Prabhakara Mimamsaka’s arguments for accepting sruti as pramana. F + C
  • Importance of verbal testimony for Mimamsa .
  • Abhihitanvayavada of Prabhakara.
Q7c Examine the Nyaya-Vaisesika arguments for the existence of jivatma(soul). F + A
  • Argument given by Nyaya – Vaisesika for Soul.
  • Criticized because, by nature unconscious.
Q7d Distinguish between Svarupa laksana and Tatastha laksana of Brahman after
ankara.		 F
  • Karana – Brahman = Svarupa Lakshna
  • Karya – Brahman = Tatastha Lakshna
Q8a Comment : ‘Accepting sunyavada makes one indifferent to the pursuit of
dharma.’ Examine, in this context, Nagarjuna’s arguments for sunyavada.		 F + C + A
  • Sunyavada is a philosophical theory.
  • It goes against Religion.
  • Dialectic of Nagarjuna.
Q8b ‘Not karma, but knowledge alone leads to moksa.’ (Samkara). Do you agree ?
Justify your nswer.		 C + A
  • Karma and knowledge are contradictory in Sankara.
  • Knower of the Brahman is identical to Brahman that is inactive.
Q8c Evaluate Ramanuja’s critique of Samkara’s theory of maya. F + A
  • Mayavada of Sankara.
  • Seven objections of Ramanuja.
  • Evaluation of objects.
Q8d Give a critical account of the concept of cittravrtti in Yoga philosophy. F
  • Definition of yoga.
  • Five types of cittavrtti.

PHILOSOPHY (OPT.) – PAPER-II

(SECTION -A)

* AbbrevitionS
F – Factual
C – Conceptual
A – Analytical
Question No. Question Analysis Answer Format
Q1a Does corruption have not only a moral dimension but also an economic
dimension?		 C + A
  • Morality is one dimension of corruption.
  • Its economic dimension is also important.
  • The person who is doing and the person against it is done.
Q1b What is the significance of including duties of citizens in the Indian
Constitution?		 F + C
  • Not in original constitution
  • Philosophical and Ethical importance.
  • To make them aware about their duties. Human being is good by nature.
Q1c Does the idea of equal respect to all religions provide a consistent and viable state policy? C + A
  • For a Democratic and welfare state.
  • That gives religious freedom to all.
Q1d Does the combination of democracy and socialism lead to a more equitable society? F + C
  • Equality as a democratic ideal.
  • Socialism also talks about equality.
  • Combination of both leads to a equitable society.
Q1e Is there any impact of caste discrimination on democracy in Indian context? F + A
  • Effect of caste discrimination on Indian democracy.
  • In different regions rise of different caste. Caste equation, caste based voting, reservation etc.
Q2a What is meant by ‘democracy’? What are the various forms of democratic
governments?		 F
  • Definition of Democracy.
  • Types of Democratic government.
Q2b Is a democratic government able to represent the interests of minority groups? F + A
  • Interests of minority groups.
  • Importance of all classes.
Q2c Is a democratic government better than a benevolent dictatorship? Give reasons for your answer. F + A
  • What is benevolent dictatorship?
  • It is not better than democracy.
Q3a What do you understand by ‘gender equality’ and why is it important? F
  • Definition of Gender equality.
  • Importance on the basis of Humanism. Rationalism, Progress etc.
Q3b Is economic independence essential for equality between men and women? F + A
  • Economic disparity creates other disparities.
  • Economic equality is essential.
Q3c Why is adequate representation of women in political institutions important in this context? F + A
  • Political institutions do legislation.
  • To make the laws in the interest of women.
Q4a Explain and evaluate Aristotle’s conception of justice. F
  • Aristotle’s concept of Justice.
  • Distributive and Retributive Justice.
  • Not relevant is modern political system.
Q4b What is meant by justice as fairness’? Explain the basic tenets of Rawls’ theory
of justice.		 F + C
  • Fairness is necessary for Justice.
  • Basic features of John Rawl’s theory of Justice.
Q4c How is Amartya Sen’s approach to justice different from that of Rawls? F + A + C
  • Dr. Amartya Son has modified Rawl’s theory.
  • Difference between capability approach and fairness approach.
(SECTION -B)
Q5a Is God indispensable for religion? C + A
  • Problem of Religion without God.
  • Religion without God is a contradiction.
Q5b Is religious morality consistent with individual freedom? C + A
  • Individual freedom is not possible with Religious supremacy.
  • Religious morality is not consistent with Individual freedom.
Q5c Is there anything else other than human efforts which may be conducive to
attainment of liberation?		 F + A
  • Liberation can be achieved by human effort.
  • By the grace of God also it could be achieve.
Q5d Do theists succeed in explaining the natural evil in the world as a necessary counterpart to good? F + A
  • Problem of evil.
  • Instrumental solution.
Q5e Is religious faith opposed to reason? C + A
  • Reason and faith are opposite in nature.
  • Discuss their relation.
Q6a State and elucidate the cosmological argument for the existence of God in Western and Indian philosophy. F
  • What is cosmological argument for God?
  • Two types of the argument.
Q6b Discuss two main objections against this argument. Are theists able to answer these satisfactorily? C + A
  • Object against causation.
  • Object against contingency – necessity.
Q6c Critically evaluate three major objections against the argument from design for the existence of God. C + A
  • Analogical arguments are probable.
  • Universe can not sustain without system.
  • How God is eternal against the world.
Q7a What is the nature of mystical experience? F
  • Nature of Religious Experience.
  • Spiritual, Transcendental, Mystical etc.
Q7b Is mystical experience open to different interpretations? F + A
  • Different forms of Experience.
  • Religious Experience.
  • Can be explained in different ways.
Q7c Can mystical experience be regarded as a valid source of knowledge? F + A
  • Religions people can accept.
  • Can’t be accepted universally.
Q8a What is meant by saying that religious language is non-cognitive? F
  • Non-Cognitive theory of religion language.
  • It is meaningless.
Q8b Can religious language be said to be verifiable? F + A
  • Cognitive theory of religious language.
  • Postmortem verification.
Q8c Do cognitivists provide a cogent answer to the objection based on falsifiability? C + A
  • Falsifiability is not a demerit but merit.
  • No satisfactory answer by cognitivists.

TREND ANALYSIS- 2014 & 2013 PAPER

Paper-I: 2014

F: 25.00%F+C+A: 11.00%C+A: 3.00%F+C: 11.00%F+A: 50.00%VVR-IAS Exam Preparation

Paper-I: 2013

F: 29.00%F+C+A: 9.00%C+A: 9.00%F+A: 29.00%F+C: 24.00%VVR-IAS Exam Preparation
2014 2013
F 7 10
F+A 14 10
F+C 3 8
C+A 1 3
F+C+A 3 3

Paper-II: 2014

F: 11.00%F+C+A: 4.00%C+A: 29.00%F+C: 3.00%F+A: 53.00%VVR-IAS Exam Preparation

Paper-II: 2013

F: 21.00%F+C+A: 3.00%F+A: 36.00%F+C: 11.00%C+A: 29.00%VVR-IAS Exam Preparation
2014 2013
F 3 6
F+A 15 10
F+C 1 3
C+A 8 8
F+C+A 1 1

1. No. of Questions / items appeared.

VVR-IAS Exam Preparation
Paper-IPaper-II
2014 2013 2012 2009 2006
Paper – I 28 34 34 18 14
Paper – II 28 28 26 19 14

2. No. of Questions Aspirants have to attempt.

VVR-IAS Exam Preparation
Paper-IPaper-II
2014 2013 2012 2009 2006
Paper – I 19 22 22 10+ 09
Paper – II 19 19 18+ 11+ 09

3. No. of Thinkers/ Schools/ Problems/ Chapters Covered.

2014 2013 2012 2009 2006
Paper – I W 10/11 9/11 10/11 8/11 5/11
I 9/9 8/9 9/9 7/9 6/9
Paper – II S/P 9/10 8/10 9/10 7/10 6/10
R 9/10 8/10 8/10 7/10 6/10
VVR-IAS Exam Preparation
Wetern PhilosophyIndian PhilosophySocio-Political PhilosophyRegional Philosophical

4. Minimum & Maximum Mark Carried:-

2014 2013 2012 2009 2006
Paper – I Min 10 10 12 20 20
Max 20 12.5 15 60 60
Paper – II Min 10 10 12 20 20
Max 20 20 30 60 60

Marks Contained Paper I

VVR-IAS Exam Preparation
Paper-I MinPaper – I Maximum

Marks Contained Paper II

VVR-IAS Exam Preparation
Paper-II MinPaper – II Maximum

5. Number of Words to be Written:-

2014 2013 2012 2009 2006
Paper – I 3600+ 3800+ 3800+ 3000 3000
Paper – II 3600+ 3700+ 3700+ 3000 3000

Number of Words to be Written

VVR-IAS Exam Preparation
Paper-IPaper – II

6. Difficulty Level :- Through Question Paper.

2014 2013 2012 2009 2006
85-90% 95% 85-90% 60-70% 30-40%

% Difficulty

PAPERWISE DIFFICULTY LEVEL:

Difficulty level Paper I –2014 Ideal Score: 160; Average Score ?

Difficulty level Paper I -2013 Ideal Score 155, Average Score 90

Difficulty level, Paper II -2014 Ideal Score: 135; Average Score :??

Difficulty level, Paper II -2013 Ideal Score: 145, Average Score: 95

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